2012-05-24
UMA progress demands democracy, Maghreb forum concludes
By Raby Ould Idoumou for Magharebia in Nouakchott – 24/05/12
The Maghreb Centre for Strategic Studies in Nouakchott hosted a seminar on May 12th under the theme "Success of Democratic Transition: Conditions for Maghreb Integration".
Centre director Didi Ould Essalek spoke to Magharebia about what Arab Spring changes might mean for the long-delayed Arab Maghreb Union (UMA) project.
Magharebia: How did the idea of building the Arab Maghreb Union evolve? And, what are the most important obstacles impeding the Maghreb integration?
Didi Ould Essalek: The idea was first devised in 1947 with the opening of the Arab Maghreb office in Cairo which aimed to counter colonisation, demand independence from French occupation and to promote Arab unity. The idea briefly appeared again in Tangier in1958 with the Grand Arab Maghreb Union project. In 1989, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya and Mauritania came together to form the UMA.
The Western Sahara issue has been the leading factor impeding the course of Maghreb Union over the past decades. However, there are other factors, such as economic backwardness, the lack of economic products that can be exchanged, the inability to form a Maghreb economic structure away from dependency on Europe, and the lack of democracy.
Whenever there was a dispute between the ruling regimes, the UMA structure would be stalled regardless of how firmly Maghreb citizens cling to the goals of Maghreb unity.
The political and social shifts now taking place in Arab Maghreb countries after what is now known as the Arab Spring may alleviate the severity of these obstacles.
Magharebia: What are the chances for democratic transition in the Arab Maghreb?
Ould Essalek: The current changes in Arab Maghreb countries may very well open the road for successful democratic transition in this region, with the aid of favourable social conditions and external help. Such factors will restore hope to people about the possibility of reforming decades of political despotism, economic backwardness and social stagnation.
Magharebia: What is the importance of the success of democratic transition in realising Maghreb integration?
Ould Essalek: We have to follow the principle that the success of democratic transition is a prerequisite for Maghreb integration.
Democracy would protect individuals and satisfy their desire to live the way they want, in an open society that respects personal freedom and cultural identity.
A successful democratic transition in the Arab Maghreb countries will help expand popular participation in political decisions and allow for the free movement of persons and properties.
This will help realise the aspirations of Arab Maghreb peoples, starting with opening the borders and ending with the establishment of a common Maghreb market and full economic and political integration.
Real democracy and a culture of transparency and accountability will compel decision-makers to avoid anything that does not serve the interests of their people.
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![[Raby Ould Idoumou] Dr. Didi Ould Essalek (right) explains that the Arab Spring has helped to lay a foundation for an Arab Maghreb Union.](/awi/images/2012/05/24/120524Feature3Photo1-271_179.jpg)
POST YOUR COMMENT 10
younsi djamel 2012-6-3
“Democracy” and the “Arab spring” are the Trojan horse of the Judeo-Christian Westerners and their monarchic servants. And the monster hidden in the Trojan Horse is backward Wahabi Islamism, and not Islam! This is a question of getting into power in the name of democracy against the will of the peoples for the ruin of our countries. The Algerians’ bones are hardened to Qatar and France, which remember the last thrashing.
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Imazighen 2012-5-31
The preliminary question is: Who still wants the Arab Maghreb Union? In short, no one!!! North Africa never was and never will be Arab. Why persist in imposing a fiction on it? “Arab” is done with in all respects. The generalised usage of the language is in decline and, moreover, comes from colonialism. And as the brother Martinican Frantz Fanon said, “language is the booty of war.” The peoples of North Africa have a history, an identity, a culture, to which they hold above all else and will not accept colonial oppression of any sort. Islam is a precious, divine gift that belongs to all of humanity. North African unity as well as African unity will be equal, free, mutually respectful, independent or it will not be! The North African Union (NAU) is not for the immediate future, that much is clear! Monarchy is incompatible with these basic principles. Every man for himself and God for all – until this common minimum is achieved! In the meantime, the peoples have their work cut out for them. Some more than others.
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Watani 2012-5-31
This is because we need to carefully examine what is covered under the term “democracy” for some people and for others. The meanings are quite remote and the intentions are not at all clean. The democracy of the “Arab spring” is as misguided as its Western model. In fact, it is a Trojan horse for the Westerners and their monarchical, anarchical and anachronistic servants. The monster hidden in this hideous Trojan horse and charged with subjugating our peoples to their illegitimate interests is the Islamists, and the issue is installing them in power in the name of democracy against the will of the peoples and for the ruin of our countries. But the peoples do not want these lying, cheating, bloodthirsty, uncivilised, anti-patriotic people who are enemies of their own people and who are enslaved by foreign interests, which are hostile to their people, and who idolize power and money, which has no smell, and who are faithful to the mafia in letter and spirit. Millions of men have vowed to block them at any price now. Mother Earth is sacred and it always wants all the sacrifices. God is the greatest.
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Africain (du nord) ... SVP. 2012-5-31
“Ould Essalek: The current changes in the Arab Maghreb countries may very well open the road for successful democratic transition in this region with favourable social conditions and /external help/. Such factors will restore hope to people about the possibility of reforming decades of political despotism, economic backwardness and social stagnation.” He says it all. Goodbye and, clearly, no thank you! Here is a concentrated specimen of hegemonic Singular Thought, who instantaneously gives a violent push to the severe rash of the Africans, which I am proud to be. And I know a lot of Africans from the North, South, East, West and center. Your “external help” is an absolute evil!!! We do not want it at any price. Keep it to yourself! Help your peoples – the Greeks, Portuguese, Spanish, Italians, French, etc. Your peoples are made desperate by the brutality of your capitalism, which throws even the well-off social strata into utter precariousness and leaves the young people helpless due to an uncertain future. We do not want your interferences in any form or under any title whatsoever. We are capable of making our own path without your anti-model. Stop your imperialism.
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younsi djamel 2012-5-29
To Dr Ben Kirat- You say “You need to respect the Moroccan constitution and the hopes of the people.” What constitution??? You know that the Justice and Democracy Party fought against the officialisation of the Amazigh language in the new constitution. Abdelilah Benkirane compared Berber ideograms to Chinese during an meeting on his electoral campaign.
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Younsi djamel 2012-5-29
What will democracy do? (1) It will protect people and satisfy their desire to live the lives that they want in an open society that respects personal freedom and cultural identity. (2) it will solidify the aspirations of the peoples of the Arab Maghreb for opening the border and establishing a common North African market and full economic and political integration. (3) It will force the decision makers to avoid anything that is not in the interests of the peoples. But how without the Sahrawi people???
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kaddour 2012-5-28
A union cannot be based on enslavement, anachronistic colonization of one people by another and contempt for good sense and international laws and conventions. This union cannot be made when certain member countries are dictated the policies to follow from elsewhere outside the Maghreb. It would like Hitler founding the European Union after having conquered and crushed the people of Europe. If there is no difference between Moroccans, Algerians and Tunisians and all the others and if the Maghreb historically constitutes Tamazgha in the distant past, then the behavior of certain states does lend itself to the immediate construction of the Maghreb. We need to first prove our good faith and availability and responsibility. We must overcome this in order to build.
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kaddour 2012-5-28
I have now become really allergic to the word “democracy” just like the term “increase” (as in salary or pension increase, of course). I am developing a disquieting phobia about them. Why? It is because every time they want to establish a democracy, it is chaos and rampant dictatorship that they invite. Salary increases? Before they even become effective, they are outstripped and beaten flat by price increases.
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Yacine 2012-5-24
This interview is, remains and will stay a mere opinion from a person whose knowledge of North Africa and its sociology and history is artificial, Southerner, eccentric and even limited. How can you speak about democracy, economic integration and the hope of the peoples and at the same time emphasize the Arab-ness of the Maghreb. This tendency to marginalise the natives of North Africa – the Amazighs in this case – seems to have become an obsession for some people. In order to achieve the North African ideal, we need to first start with recognising that the Arabisation of this region is a colonial fact. After that, we need to think about how to achieve its decolonisation. This starts with Azawad, and things are cooking up in Kabylie. The issue of the Western Sahara has never blocked the building of the Maghreb. It is the failure to apply the various resolutions from the UN General Assembly and Security Council, and at this, France, the USA and Morocco share the responsibility. Imagine if instead of “European Union” they said “Latin European Union” or instead of “United States of America” they said “English-speaking United States of America” or “Spanish-speaking”. So, please, spare us this name of “Arab Maghreb” and say “North Africa” because history tells us that this region is called “Tamazgha” and that Arab colonialism named it “Maghreb” due to its geographical position to the sunrise.
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Dr Ben Kirat 2012-5-24
It is unacceptable to speak of the Arab Maghreb Union because there is only a Maghreb Union or a Tamazgha Union. You need to respect the Moroccan constitution and the hopes of the people. –Dr Ben Kirat
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